TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) ek set hai network protocols ka jo modern internet communication ko possible banata hai. TCP/IP suite ke protocols network communication, data transfer, addressing, aur error control jaise tasks ko handle karte hain. Yeh protocols multiple layers mein organized hote hain, jinmein sabse pramukh hai:
TCP IP Protocols in hindi
और Layers के बारे मे भी जानें :-
- Physical layer in computer network in hindi
- Data Link layer in computer network in hindi
- Network layer in computer network in hindi
- Transport layer in computer network in hindi
- Session layer in computer network in hindi
- Presentation layer in computer network in hindi
- Application layer in computer network in hindi
- Internet Protocol (IP):
- IP (Internet Protocol) network layer par kaam karta hai.
- IP address ka istemal karke devices ko network mein uniquely identify karta hai.
- IP datagrams (packets) ko source se destination tak forward karne ke liye routing ka coordination karta hai.
- IP datagrams fragmentation aur reassembly ko bhi manage karta hai agar packet size network capabilities se jyada ho.
- Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):
- TCP transport layer par kaam karta hai.
- Reliable, connection-oriented communication provide karta hai.
- Data ko segments mein divide karke, acknowledgments aur retransmissions ke zariye reliable data delivery ko ensure karta hai.
- Flow control mechanisms ka istemal karke data transmission ki speed aur quantity ko regulate karta hai.
- Connection establishment, termination, aur error recovery ko handle karta hai.
- User Datagram Protocol (UDP):
- UDP transport layer par kaam karta hai.
- Unreliable, connectionless communication provide karta hai.
- Data ko datagrams mein divide karke transmit karta hai, lekin acknowledgments aur retransmissions ka istemal nahi karta.
- Low overhead aur high-speed data transmission ke liye istemal hota hai.
- Real-time applications, multicast communication, aur DNS jaise services mein UDP ka upyog hota hai.
- Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP):
- ICMP network layer par kaam karta hai.
- Error reporting, network diagnostics, aur network device communication ke liye istemal hota hai.
- ICMP messages network devices ke beech communication ke liye use hote hain.
- Examples include ping requests (ICMP Echo Request) aur error messages (ICMP Destination Unreachable).
- Address Resolution Protocol (ARP):
- ARP network layer par kaam karta hai.
- IP addresses ko corresponding MAC addresses (hardware addresses) se map karne ke liye istemal hota hai.
- ARP messages local network devices ke beech ARP tables update aur address resolution ke liye exchange hote hain.
Iske alawa, TCP/IP suite mein aur bhi protocols hote hain, jaise Internet Control Protocol (IPsec) network security ke liye, Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) multicast communication ke liye, aur Domain Name System (DNS) domain name resolution ke liye.
TCP/IP protocols ke istemal se network communication aur data transfer standardized aur interoperable ho jata hai. In protocols ke combination se internet, local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), aur other network infrastructures mein reliable aur efficient communication possible ho jati hai.